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Increased soil temperature and atmospheric N deposition have no effect on the N status and growth of a mature balsam fir forest

Summary

Published in Biogeosciences 10: 4627-4639 https://doi.org/5194/bg-10-4627-2013

Nitrogen (N) is a major growth-limiting factor in boreal forest ecosystems. Increases of temperature and atmospheric N deposition are expected to affect forest growth directly and indirectly by increasing N availability due to higher rates of N mineralization. In order to understand the potential impacts of these changes, a mature balsam fir stand in Québec, Canada, was subjected during three consecutive growing seasons (2009–2011) to (i) experimentally increased soil temperature (4 °C) and earlier snowmelt (2–3 weeks) as well as (ii) increased inorganic N concentration in artificial precipitation (3 x current N concentrations using 15NH4- 15NO3). Soil inorganic N was measured using buried ion-exchange membranes (PRS™ probes) and standard soil extractions. Dendrometers were used to monitor the variations in diameter growth and needles were analyzed annually for N to assess the nutritional response of trees. Results from the second (2010) and third (2011) year of treatment are reported.

After three years of treatment, there was no significant increase in soil nitrate (NO3) or ammonium (NH4) availability either in the organic or in the mineral soil as measured with standard soil extractions. Similar results were obtained with ion-exchange membranes, except for NH4 in the forest floor, which increased by an average of 54% over the two years. No effect of treatments was observed on needle N or diameter growth, but an 8-day earlier peak in diameter growth was measured in heated plots in 2010.

We attributed the limited effects of our treatments to the acute soil competition for available N at the site. As a result, the projected modifications of the forest N cycle and concomitant increased forest growth due to an earlier snowmelt, increased soil temperature and N deposition should be considered with caution in similar cold N-poor ecosystems.

Sector(s): 

Forests

Categorie(s): 

Scientific Article

Theme(s): 

Ecosystems and Environment, Forestry Research, Forests

Departmental author(s): 

Duchesne, Louis, Houle, Daniel

Author(s)

D'ORANGEVILLE, Loïc, Daniel HOULE, Benoît CÔTÉ, Louis DUCHESNE and Hubert MORIN

Year of publication :

2013

Keywords :

climat, sol, sécheresse, température, simulation, écosystèmes et environnement, article scientifique de recherche forestière, ecosystems and environment, climate, soil, drought, temperature, simulation

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